光斑尺寸对连续辐照铝合金温度响应影响研究 -

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光斑尺寸对连续辐照铝合金温度响应影响研究

doi:10.37188/CO.2020-0022

北京理工大学材料科学与工程学院，北京 100081

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（No. 52073029）

详细信息

作者简介:
文　康（1994—），男，江西萍乡人，硕士研究生，2017年于北京理工大学获得学士学位，主要从事对物质作用机理方面的研究。E-mail：751146409@qq.com
马　壮（1974—），男，河北昌黎人，博士，教授，博士生导师，1996 年、2001 年于北京理工大学分别获得学士、博士学位，主要从事高温高能防护涂层材料和金属/陶瓷复合材料方面的研究。E-mail：hstrong929@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号:O434.34；O439
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出版历程
- 收稿日期:2020-02-21
- 修回日期:2020-03-25
- 网络出版日期:2020-09-10
- 刊出日期:2020-10-01

Effects of spot size on the temperature response of an aluminum alloy irradiated by a continuous laser

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

Funds:Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52073029)

More Information

Corresponding author:hstrong929@bit.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:为了探究不同光斑尺寸连续辐照6061铝合金的温度响应及热致损伤问题，基于ANSYS有限元软件建立了辐照下的三维物理模型；使用不同的参数进行辐照实验，根据所采集的温度和前表面散射光强度数据，反演计算了靶材在辐照过程中吸收率的动态变化；最后，利用优化后的模型分析了不同光斑尺寸下，辐照靶材的温升特点。研究结果表明：在1000 W/cm ²的辐照条件下，材料的吸收率随着温度的升高而升高；由于加载的局域化特征，横向热扩散影响纵向温升，光斑足够大时该影响变小，这与其热扩散长度有关；对于4 mm厚的6061铝合金材料，当光斑尺寸大于10 cm时，光斑影响可以忽略，靶材背表面发生熔融损伤时间阈值保持2.6 s不变。
- 辐照/
- 数值模拟/
- 温度场/
- 光斑尺寸
Abstract:In order to investigate the temperature response and thermal damage of a 6061 aluminum alloy after variations in spot size of continuous laser irradiation, a three-dimensional physical model under laser irradiation was established based on ANSYS finite element software. First, we used different laser parameters to carry out laser irradiation experiments, and then, based on the collected temperature and front surface scattered light intensity data, we calculated the dynamic changes in the absorptivity of the target during laser irradiation. Finally, the optimized model was used to analyze the temperature rise characteristics of the target irradiated by lasers at different spot sizes. The research results show that the absorption rate of the material increases with an increase in temperature under 1000 W/cm ²laser irradiation. Due to the localized characteristics of laser loading, lateral thermal diffusion affects the longitudinal temperature rise, and its effect becomes smaller when the spot is larger, as related with the alloy’s thermal diffusion length. For the 6061 aluminum alloy material with a thickness of 4 mm, when the spot size is greater than 10 cm, the effect of the spot’s size is negligible, and the time threshold of fusion damage on the back surface of the target remains unchanged at 2.6 s.
- Laser irradiation/
- Numerical simulation/
- Temperature field/
- Spot size

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图 1三维有限元仿真模型

Figure 1.The three-dimensional finite element simulation model

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图 2材料的密度（a）、热导率（b）、热焓（c）随温度的变化情况

Figure 2.Change of thermal properties of the material with temperature. (a) Density; (b) thermal conductivity; (c) enthapy

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图 36061铝合金反射率图谱

Figure 3.Reflectivity spectrum of 6061 aluminum alloy

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图 4在1000 W/cm² 辐照条件下铝合金背面中心位置的温升曲线

Figure 4.Temperature rise curves at the center of aluminum alloy back under 1000 W/cm²laser irradiation

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图 5吸收率反演计算流程

Figure 5.Absorptivity inversion calculation process

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图 6 辐照下铝合金前-背表面中心位置的温升曲线。（a）1000 W/cm²；（b）1500 W/cm²；（c）2000 W/cm²

Figure 6.Front-rear surface temperature as a function of time in the central area under laser irradiation. (a) 1 000 W/cm²; (b) 1 500 W/cm²; (c) 2 000 W/cm²

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图 7不同光斑尺寸的辐照下铝合金前-背表面中心的温升曲线

Figure 7.Front-rear surface temperature as a function of time in the central area under laser irradiation with different spot sizes

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图 8不同尺寸光斑辐照下铝合金前表面温度分布。（a）5 cm×5 cm；（b）10 cm×10 cm；（c）30 cm×30 cm；（d）50 cm×50 cm；（e）温度随R的变化图；（f）温度梯度随R的变化图

Figure 8.Temperature distribution in the front surface of aluminum alloy under laser irradiation with different spot sizes. (a) 5 cm×5 cm; (b) 10 cm×10 cm; (c) 30 cm×30 cm; (d) 50 cm×50 cm; (e) graph of temperaturevs $R$ ; (f) graph of temperature gradientvs $R$

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图 9光斑尺寸为30 cm×30 cm的辐照2 s时前表面温度场

Figure 9.Temperature field at the front surface when the laser spot size is 30 cm×30 cm and irradiating time is 2 s

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表 16061铝合金成分^[19]

Table 1.Composition of 6061 aluminum alloy （%）

$w({\rm{Mg}})$	$w({\rm{Si}})$	$w({\rm{Mn}})$	$w({\rm{Fe}})$	$w({\rm{Cr}})$	$w({\rm{Cu}})$	$w({\rm{Zn}})$	$w({\rm{Al}})$
1.06	0.53	0.43	0.38	0.17	0.33	0.16	余量

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表 2不同温度下6061铝合金表面换热系数^[22]

Table 2.Surface heat transfer coefficients of 6061 aluminum alloy at different temperatures

$T$/（℃）	20	100	200	300	400	500	600	700
$h$/（ W/m²·℃）	8.22	11.0	13.7	23.2	33.4	46.8	58.0	68.5

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表 36061铝合金吸收率参数设置

Table 3.Parameter settings of laser absorptivity of 6061 aluminum alloy

Temperature range/ (℃)	0~200	200~380	380~450	450~525	525~800
α	0.19	0.25	0.27	0.32	0.74

下载: 导出CSV

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