Expanding the angular bandwidth of augmented reality coupling element volume holographic grating by multiplexing equal-period and variable-inclination-angle interference fringes
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摘要:
为了提高光波导近眼显示成像系统的视场角，本文提出了一种等周期变倾角干涉条纹复用方法，用于扩展增强现实眼镜耦合元件体光栅的角度带宽。该方法通过复用等周期变倾角干涉条纹满足了不同入射角的布拉格条件，并且消除了体光栅周期变化对入射光衍射角度的影响，从而提升耦合元件体光栅的角度响应范围，降低光栅衍射引入的杂散光。利用严格耦合波理论对复用三幅等周期变倾角干涉条纹的体光栅进行模拟，在波长为530 nm的TE和TM偏振态下，复用后的体光栅角度带宽分别为3.6°和3.3°，与单幅干涉条纹体光栅相比，角度带宽扩展了1倍。该方法有望打破体光栅角度带宽受光栅材料的限制，用于扩展近眼显示成像系统的视场角，实现轻量化、高效率、大视场、低杂散光的增强现实眼镜。
Abstract:To improve the field of view of the near-to-eye display imaging system by using the optical waveguide scheme, we propose a method of multiplexing interference fringes with equal periods and variable inclination angles to expand the angular bandwidth of the volume holographic grating for augmented reality glasses coupling element. With this method, the range of incident angles after the expansion mathes the Bragg condition, and the influence of the periodic change on the diffraction angle of the incident light is eliminated, thereby improving the angular response range of the coupling element volume holographic grating and reducing the stray light introduced by grating diffraction. The rigorous coupled wave analysis theory is used to simulate the volume holographic grating multiplexing three interference fringes with equal period and variable inclination angles. Under the TE and TM polarization states at the wavelength of 530 nm, the angular bandwidth of the multiplexed volume holographic grating is 3.6° and 3.3°, respectively. The angular bandwidth of the multiplexed volume holographic grating is twice as large as that of the volume holographic grating recorded with a single interference fringe. This method is expected to break the limitation of the volume holographic grating material on the angular bandwidth of the grating, and can be used to expand the field of view of the near-to-eye display imaging system to achieve lightweight, high-efficiency, large-field-of-view, and low-stray-light augmented reality glasses.
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图 2 体光栅角度响应特性分析
Figure 2. Analysis of angular response characteristics of volume holographic grating
图 3 复用体光栅衍射特性分析
Figure 3. Multiplexing volume holographic grating diffraction characteristics
图 4 体光栅与复用体光栅角度带宽随入射角度的变化曲线
Figure 4. Angular bandwidth of volume grating and multiplexed volume grating varying with incident angle
图 5 不同入射条件下干涉条纹倾角间距对体全息光栅衍射特性影响
Figure 5. The influence of interference fringe inclination angle interval on the diffraction characteristics of volume holographic grating under different incident conditions
图 6 折射率调制度对体光栅衍射特性的影响
Figure 6. Effect of refractive index modulation on diffraction characteristics of volume holographic grating
图 7 体光栅光波导的视场角分析示意图
Figure 7. Schematic diagram of FOV analysis for the volume holographic grating waveguide
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