Infrared reflection characteristics of the wall solved by improved whale optimization algorithm
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摘要:
壁面的红外反射特性由双向反射分布函数(BRDF)表征和求解。目前BRDF测量需要大量实验数据，同时存在精度不高的问题。通过构建壁面反射特性测试平台，使用MR170型傅立叶红外光谱辐射计获取2~15 μm波段下入射角度和各个反射角度的目标辐射亮度。针对隐身目标，应用RBF网络对3~5 μm以及8~14 μm波段的辐射亮度曲线进行拟合，排除大气干扰，进而求解出上述两个波段隐身目标的BRDF值。为了解决BRDF模型精度不高的问题，提出了改进的鲸鱼优化算法(IWOA)，对BRDF模型参数进行反演，并设计了基于BRDF的反射率求解方法。IWOA对BRDF计算模型参数反演有良好的效果。根据反射法，应用所得到的BRDF数据求解得到的反射率为0.5496，相对误差为6.17%，满足工程需求。
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关键词:
- 双向反射分布函数(BRDF) /
- 鲸鱼优化算法 /
- 辐射亮度 /
- 参数反演
Abstract:The infrared reflection characteristics of the wall are characterized and solved by the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF). BRDF measurement currently has two problems to be addressed: it requires much experimental data and accuracy is not high enough. By constructing the reflection characteristic test platform of the wall target, an MR170 Fourier infrared spectroradiometer was used to obtain the target radiance at the incident angle and each reflection angle in the 2−15 μm band. For the stealth target, the RBF network was used to fit the radiance at the bands of 3−5 μm and 8−14 μm to eliminate atmospheric interference. Then, the BRDF values of the stealth targets in the above two bands were obtained. To improve the accuracy of the BRDF model, an improved whale optimization algorithm (IWOA) was proposed to invert BRDF model parameters, and a reflectivity-solving method based on BRDF was designed. The IWOA has a good effect on the parameter inversion of the BRDF calculation model. According to the reflection method and applying the obtained BRDF data, the reflectance 0.5496 and the relative error 6.17% are obtained, which meet the engineering requirements.
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图 1 不同介质表面反射特性示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the surface reflection properties of the different media
图 4 3~5 μm波段反射亮度及BRDF测量值
Figure 4. Reflection brightness and BRDF measurements in 3~5 μm bands
图 5 8~14 μm反射亮度及BRDF测量值
Figure 5. Reflection brightness and BRDF measurements in 8~14 μm bands
图 6 座头鲸螺旋上升捕食方法示意图
Figure 6. Schematic diagram of the humpback whale's ascending spiral predation method
图 8 3~5 μm波段IWOA模型改进效果图
Figure 8. Improved effect of the IWOA model in the 3~5 μm band
图 9 3~5 μm波段IWOA模型反演结果对比
Figure 9. Comparison of the inversion results of the IWOA model in the 3~5 μm band
图 10 8~14 μm波段IWOA模型反演结果对比
Figure 10. Comparison of the inversion results of the IWOA model in the 8~14 μm band
图 11 3~5 μm波段3种算法反演结果与真实值对比
Figure 11. Comparison of the inversion results of three algorithms and actual values in the 3~5 μm band
图 12 8~14 μm波段3种算法反演结果与真实值对比
Figure 12. Comparison of the inversion results of three algorithms and actual values in the 8~14 μm band
图 15 光源垂直入射目标壁面的反射亮度包线
Figure 15. The reflected brightness envelope when the light source incidents vertically on the wall
表 1 误差计算结果
Table 1. Error calculation results
误差函数 3~5 μm IWOA GA PSO MAE(10−3) 4.4 8 7.5 R2 0.9828 0.9494 0.9606 8~14 μm MAE(10−3) 6.1 10.3 9.8 R2 0.9797 0.9369 0.9574 
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