Investigation of stimulated Brillouin scattering in As2S3photonic crystal fibers at the mid-infrared waveband
doi:10.37188/CO.EN.2022-0003
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摘要:
通过有限元方法研究了As2S3光子晶体光纤在2 μm至6 μm波段的受激布里渊散射。数值结果表明，当空气占空比小于0.6时，所提出的光子晶体光纤可保持单模工作。布里渊频移主要受泵浦波长和光纤结构的影响，泵浦波长从2 μm增加到6 μm时，布里渊频移减小了4.16 GHz；而当空气占空比由0.5增加到0.6时，布里渊频移变化量仅为兆赫兹量级。布里渊增益谱的半高全宽取决于声子寿命，泵浦波长为2 μm时布里渊增益谱的半高全宽是泵浦波长为6 μm时的9倍。在空气填充率为0.5和0.6的情况下，提出的光子晶体光纤的最大布里渊增益分别为2.413×10−10m/W和2.429×10−10m/W。在光纤有效长度相同的条件下，布里渊阈值与泵浦波长正相关，在空气填充率为0.5和0.6的光子晶体光纤中，使用6 μm泵浦时的布里渊阈值比使用2 μm时分别增大了27.8%和19.6%。这些数值结果对于中红外波段设计和制造基于所提出光纤的光学设备或光学传感器具有重要意义。
Abstract:Stimulated Brillouin scattering in As2S3photonic crystal fibers was investigated at wavelengths of 2 μm to 6 μm by the finite element method. The numerical results indicate that the proposed photonic crystal fiber can maintain single-mode operation when the air filling factor is less than 0.6. The Brillouin frequency shift is mainly influenced by the pump wavelength and fiber structure. The Brillouin frequency shift decreases by 4.16 GHz when the pump wavelength is increased from 2 μm to 6 μm, while the Brillouin frequency shift changes by the order of megahertz when the rate of air filling increases from 0.5 to 0.6. The FWHM of the Brillouin gain spectrum depends on the phonon lifetime, and the FWHM of the Brillouin gain spectrum is nine times wider at a pump wavelength of 2 μm than that at a pump wavelength of 6 μm. The maximum Brillouin gain of the proposed fibers with air filling fractions of 0.5 and 0.6 are 2.413×10−10m/W and 2.429×10−10m/W, respectively. The Brillouin threshold is positively correlated with the pump wavelength for the same effective fiber length, and is 27.8% and 19.6% larger at a pump wavelength of 6 μm than that at 2 μm with air fill factors of 0.5 and 0.6, respectively. The numerical results are of great significance for the design and fabrication of optical devices or optical sensors based on the proposed fibers in the mid-infrared band.
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Figure 2.Spatial distributions of FOMs with different AFFs at pump wavelengths of (a) 2 μm, (b) 4 μm and (c) 6 μm
Figure 3.The effective mode area of FOMs with different AFFs at pump wavelength from 2 μm to 6 μm.
Figure 4.(a) The spatial distribution of the FSM. (b) The dispersion of the refractive index of FSMs with different AFFs
Figure 6.The effective refractive index of FOMs with different AFFs at pump wavelengths from 2 μm to 6 μm.
Figure 7.Spatial distributions of acoustic modes with different AFFs and pump wavelengths. The acoustic modes in each case in the figure are L01-like, L02-like and L03-like modes from left to right
Figure 10.The BGS for interaction between the L01-like acoustic mode and the FOM as a function of pump wavelength for PCF with an AFF of (a) 0.5 and (b) 0.6. The 0 dB in (a) and (b) respectively correspond to 2.413×10−10m/W and 2.429×10−10m/W.
Figure 11.The relative Brillouin threshold for PCFs with AFFs of 0.5 and 0.6 versus the pump wavelength.
Table 1.Material parameters of As2S3
Physical property As2S3 Densityρ(kg/m3) 3210 Young modulusY(GPa) 16.2 Poisson ratiovp 0.285 Photo-elastic tensorp11 0.25 Photo-elastic tensorp12 0.24 Photo-elastic tensorp44 0.005 
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