Finite element analysis of infrared thermal imaging for four-layers structure of human thigh
doi:10.3788/CO.20181102.0237
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摘要:为研究人体红外热成像和体内肿瘤热源的关联，本文构建了包括骨层、肌肉层、脂肪层、皮肤层的人体腿部有限元模型。根据体内温度沿径向分布的特点，给出了各区域内动脉血液灌注热生成率随径向坐标变化的情况，解决了有限元建模中动脉血灌注热生成率随温度变化的非线性问题。进而用有限元方法数值计算了不同尺寸和不同深度的体内肿瘤所带来的温度变化。结果表明：在所研究的肿瘤尺寸范围内，肿瘤尺寸越小，体内温度提升越高，体表的峰值温度越高，体表温度分布半峰宽越窄，温度变化越陡峭。对于特定尺寸的肿瘤，肿瘤越深，体内峰值温度越高，体表的峰值温度越低，体表温度分布半峰宽越宽，温度变化越平缓。Abstract:To investigate the relevancy of infrared thermal imaging and tumors inside human body, the finite element model of human thigh with four-layers, including bone, muscle, fat and skin layers, is established in this paper. Based on the characteristic that temperature varies along radial direction inside the body, the heat generation rate of blood perfusion as a function of polar radius in each layer is given. By this method the nonlinear problem of temperature-dependence of the heat generation rate of blood perfusion in finite element analysis is solved. Then the temperature distributions caused by the inside tumor with different sizes and at different depths are numerically calculated by finite element analysis. It can be concluded that in the given range of tumor diameters a smaller tumor yields larger temperature increases inside the body, higher peak temperature and narrower FWHM(Full Width at Half Maximum) of the temperature distribution on the skin surface. It is also shown that with specific diameter, tumors located deeper yield higher peak temperature inside the body, and lower peak temperature and wider FWHM on the skin surface.
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Figure 1.Distribution of heat generation rate of blood perfusion along radial direction of thigh model
Figure 2.Temperature distribution at cross-section of the cylinder model withZequal to zero in the case without extra inner heat source given by finite element analysis. (a)Color nephogram of temperature distribution, and (b)temperature variation along radial direction
Figure 3.Simulation results of temperature distribution at cross-section of cylinder model with a tumor inside by finite element analysis. (a)Color nephogram of temperature distribution at plane ofZequal to zero, and (b)temperature variation along polar axis
Figure 4.Finite element analysis results of temperature varying along polar axis for tumors with different radii
Figure 5.Temperature distributions on the skin surface for tumors with different sizes inside the model. (a)Temperature distributions along circumference at plane ofZequal to zero, and (b)temperature distributions alongZdirection
Figure 6.Finite element analysis results of temperature varying along polar axis for tumors with different depths
Figure 7.Temperature distributions on the skin surface for a tumor with different depths inside the model. (a)the temperature distributions along circumference at plane ofZequal to zero, and (b)the temperature distribution alongZdirection
Table 1.Thicknesses and thermophysical parameters of tissues
skin fat muscle bone blood Conductivity (W/m·℃) 0.47 0.21 0.51 0.75 tissue density(kg/m3) 1 085 920 1 085 1 357 1 059 specific heat(J/kg·℃) 3 680 2 300 3 800 1 700 3 850 Thickness/cm 0.2 0.6 2.7 2.5 metabolic heat generate/(W·m-3) 368 368 684 368 blood perfusion rate(mL/s·m3) 180 180 540 0 
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Table 2.Doubling time and metabolic heat generation rate of tumor with different radius
r/cm 0.50 0.52 0.55 0.60 0.70 τ/day 50 68 95 135 208 Qm/(W·m-3) 65 400 47 822 34 544 24 144 15 746 下载:
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Table 3.Typical data of the temperature distributions inFig. 5(a)
r/cm Tmax/℃ Tmin/℃ T0.5/℃ FWHM/cm 0.50 32.98 32.66 32.82 4.28 0.52 32.92 32.66 32.79 4.29 0.55 32.86 32.65 32.76 4.31 0.6 32.82 32.65 32.74 4.32 0.7 32.80 32.64 32.72 4.40 下载:
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Table 4.Typical data of the temperature distribution curves inFig. 7(a)
h/cm Tmax/℃ Tmin/℃ T0.5/℃ FWHM/cm 1.4 33.02 32.66 32.84 4.05 1.5 32.99 32.66 32.83 4.26 1.6 32.96 32.67 32.82 4.47 1.7 32.94 32.67 32.81 4.68 1.8 32.91 32.67 32.79 4.89 1.9 32.89 32.67 32.78 5.09 2.0 32.88 32.67 32.78 5.31 2.1 32.86 32.67 32.77 5.54 2.2 32.85 32.67 32.76 5.76 下载:
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