空间光学的发展与波前传感技术
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摘要:进入21 世纪,国际上一些发达国家和有关部门都已制定了空间发展战略规划,如美国航空航天局(NASA)、欧洲空间局(ESA)和俄罗斯政府相关部门等都提出空间发展战略规划,这些规划提出了今后一段时间内空间科学要解决的问题和发展的方向,而解决这些问题并推进空间技术的发展很大程度上依赖于先进的光学和无线电望远镜及仪器设备。因此,本文介绍本世纪初国际上空间科学应用的大型天文望远镜的发展情况,重点描述了大口径光学望远镜的光学系统以及实现这类天文望远镜的关键技术之一波前传感技术。Abstract:Coming into 21 century, a number of developed countries and relational government organizations in the world, such as National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA) in America, European Space Agency (ESA), and some organization in Russia, have established a series of strategic projects about space science development. These projects point out some problems to be solved in space science and provide the way forward for space technology, also it indicate that development of space science is dependent on advance optical and radio telescope as well as their instruments. Therefore, this paper introduces some large astronomical telescopes used in international space science studies at the beginning of 21 century, and describes several optical systems in large aperture space telescopes mainly. Finally, the wave front sensing technique which is the key technology in the development of large astronomical telescopes is discussed.
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