Volume 16Issue 2
Mar. 2023
Turn off MathJax
Article Contents
WANG Qiang, WANG Qian-qian, WANG Zhen, HAO Li-li. Theoretical investigation on super-resolution refractive index measurement with parity detection[J]. Chinese Optics, 2023, 16(2): 434-446. doi: 10.37188/CO.2022-0119
Citation: WANG Qiang, WANG Qian-qian, WANG Zhen, HAO Li-li. Theoretical investigation on super-resolution refractive index measurement with parity detection[J].Chinese Optics, 2023, 16(2): 434-446.doi:10.37188/CO.2022-0119

Theoretical investigation on super-resolution refractive index measurement with parity detection

doi:10.37188/CO.2022-0119
Funds:Supported by Guiding Innovation Fund of Northeast Petroleum University (No. 2021YDL-16); Heilongjiang Province Education Planning Key Project (No. GJB1320038 , No. GJB1422173); The Education Teaching Reform Project of Northeast Petroleum University (No. JGXM_NEPU_202114)
More Information
  • Author Bio:

    Wang Qiang (1980—), male, born in Baiquan, Heilongjiang Province, Ph.D., associate professor, master student supervisor. In 2006 and 2016, he obtained master degree and Ph.D. degree from Harbin Institute of Technology, respectively. He is currently engaged in research on quantum interference metrology and sensing, quantum lidar, etc. E-mail:wangqiang8035@163.com

    Hao Li-li (1981—), female, born in Suihua, Heilongjiang Province, Ph.D., associate professor, master student supervisor. She received her master degree and Ph.D. degree from Harbin Institute of Technology in 2007 and 2015 respectively, mainly engaged in the research of quantum optics, spatial optical solitons and optical control devices. E-mail:haolili0820@126.com

  • Corresponding author:haolili0820@126.com
  • Received Date:10 Jun 2022
  • Rev Recd Date:13 Jul 2022
  • Available Online:28 Sep 2022
  • The refractive index measurements based on traditional wave optical methods are mainly depended on intensity and wavelength detection strategies. Interference spectrometers are widely used as the most ideal wavelength detecting devices. Interference spectrometers measure the signal intensity, analyze the change of fringe numbers and the corresponding optical path difference by means of optical power meter, and then calculate the wavelength of signal light. Therefore, its essence is still based on intensity detection. However, the resolution of interference signal in intensity detection is restricted by classical diffraction limit, thus its resolution is difficult to further improve. In order to solve this bottleneck, parity detection which could break through the classical resolution limit and realize super-resolution refractive index measurement is proposed in this paper. According to the quantum detection and estimation theory, the expressions for signals and their corresponding sensitivities of refractive index measurement with parity and intensity detections were derived respectively and their numerical comparison analysis was carried out. In addition, the effects of loss on resolution and sensitivity of the output signal were investigated. Numerical results show that the resolution of parity detection is ${\text{2{\text{π}}}}\sqrt N$ times that of intensity detection, achieving super-resolution refractive index measurement. Moreover, the optimal sensitivity reaches the refractive index measurement shot noise limit ${\lambda \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {\lambda {\left( {2{\text{π}} l\sqrt N } \right)}}} \right. } {\left( {2{\text{π}} l\sqrt N } \right)}}$ . The loss reduces the sensitivity and resolution of the signal. The resolution of the parity detection signal is consistently better than that of intensity detection except for the very large loss and very low photon number. Finally, the physical essence of the super-resolution refractive index measurement is analyzed from the detection means itself.

  • loading
  • [1]
    EL-KASHEF H. Study of the refractive properties of laser dye solvents: toluene, carbon disulphide, chloroform, and benzene[J]. Optical Materials, 2002, 20(2): 81-86. doi:10.1016/S0925-3467(02)00019-8
    [2]
    裴乃奇. 海水折射率测量系统优化和实验研究[D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2017.

    PEI N Q. Optimization and experiment on seawater’s refractive index measurement system[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2017. (in Chinese)
    [3]
    INDRASARI W, UMIATIN U, FITRIANI N. Measurement system development of refractive index, salinity and magnetic field parameters on liquid waste polluted water[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021, 1869: 012201. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1869/1/012201
    [4]
    CONTEDUCA D, BARTH I, PITRUZZELLO G, et al. Dielectric nanohole array metasurface for high-resolution near-field sensing and imaging[J]. Nature Communications, 2021, 12(1): 3293. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-23357-9
    [5]
    张静. 迈克尔逊等倾干涉法晶体折射率测量方法研究[D]. 济南: 山东大学, 2009.

    ZHANG J. Measurement of crystal refractive index based on Michelson interferometry[D]. Ji′nan: Shandong University, 2009. (in Chinese)
    [6]
    HU Y, LV J H, HAO Q. Refractive index measurement of glass with arbitrary shape based on Brewster’s law and a focusing probe beam[J]. Sensors, 2021, 21(7): 2421. doi:10.3390/s21072421
    [7]
    FU X L, FENG J, FAN X H, et al. Optimization design and test of a high-precision measuring device of liquid refractive index based on the method of minimum deviation angle[J]. Chinese Optics, 2022, 15(4): 789-796. (in Chinese) doi:10.37188/CO.2022-0064
    [8]
    LI G Q, CEN X, SU J, et al. Fabry-Perot cavity enhanced Prism for highly sensitive refractive index measurement of Water[J]. Optik, 2021, 245: 167688. doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2021.167688
    [9]
    WANG W SH, XU B, ZHANG J. The principle formula error of measuring the refractive index by the method of minimum deviation angle and the method of V-prism[J]. Journal of Changchun Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, 1995, 18(1): 5-10. (in Chinese)
    [10]
    IDRIS N, MASWATI, YUSIBANI E. The effect of the thickness of the glass plate of a hollow prism on the accuracy of measuring the refractive index of edible oil[J]. Optik, 2020, 217: 164834. doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2020.164834
    [11]
    LIU J Q, ZHENG Y Q, YANG X M, et al. Measurement of refractive index of potassium chloride and phenolphthalein by wedge interferometry[J]. The Wind of Science and Technology, 2020(21): 105. (in Chinese)
    [12]
    DU D R, LI Y, SHANG CH L, et al. Measurement of liquid refractive index by Michelson interferometer[J]. Physical Experiment of College, 2019, 32(1): 43-45. (in Chinese)
    [13]
    SANJID M A, CHAUDHARY K P. Measurement of refractive index of liquids using length standards traceable to SI unit[J]. MAPAN, 2016, 31(2): 89-95. doi:10.1007/s12647-015-0154-0
    [14]
    STONE J, EGAN P, GERTY D, et al. Picometer metrology for precise measurement of refractive index, pressure, and temperature[J]. NCSLI Measure, 2013, 8(4): 67-73. doi:10.1080/19315775.2013.11721666
    [15]
    ZHANG L Y, GU J G. Discussion on relation between Interference and refractive index of Newtonian rings based on Mathematica[J]. Guangxi Physics, 2021, 42(1): 28-32. (in Chinese)
    [16]
    WEI F H, ZHANG X J, TANG SH F. Design and analysis of photonic crystal fiber refractive index sensor based on surface Plasmon resonance[J]. Semiconductor Optoelectronics, 2020, 41(1): 35-38,43. (in Chinese)
    [17]
    ZHANG H Y, ZHAO H H, XU X Y, et al. Measurement of water refractive index by dispersive interferometry[J]. Laser& Infrared, 2020, 50(7): 781-788. (in Chinese)
    [18]
    CHOI H J, LIM H H, MOON H S, et al. Measurement of refractive index and thickness of transparent plate by dual-wavelength interference[J]. Optics Express, 2010, 18(9): 9429-9434. doi:10.1364/OE.18.009429
    [19]
    BOTO A N, KOK P, ABRAMS D S, et al. Quantum interferometric optical lithography: exploiting entanglement to beat the diffraction limit[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2000, 85(13): 2733-2736. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.2733
    [20]
    ZHANG X CH, PAN R, HAN J Y, et al. Recent progress and prospects of topological quantum material-based photodetectors[J]. Chinese Optics, 2021, 14(1): 43-65. (in Chinese) doi:10.37188/CO.2020-0096
    [21]
    BOLLINGER J J, ITANO W M, WINELAND D J, et al. Optimal frequency measurements with maximally correlated states[J]. Physical Review A, 1996, 54(6): R4649-R4652. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.54.R4649
    [22]
    GERRY C C. Heisenberg-limit interferometry with four-wave mixers operating in a nonlinear regime[J]. Physical Review A, 2000, 61(4): 043811. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.61.043811
    [23]
    DISTANTE E, JEŽEK M, ANDERSEN U L. Deterministic superresolution with coherent states at the shot noise limit[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2013, 111(3): 033603. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.033603
    [24]
    ANISIMOV P M, RATERMAN G M, CHIRUVELLI A, et al. Quantum metrology with two-mode squeezed vacuum: parity detection beats the Heisenberg limit[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2010, 104(10): 103602. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.103602
  • 加载中

Catalog

    通讯作者:陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1.

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

    1. 本站搜索
    2. 百度学术搜索
    3. 万方数据库搜索
    4. CNKI搜索

    Figures(6)

    Article views(411) PDF downloads(255) Cited by()
    Proportional views

    /

    Return
    Return
      Baidu
      map