非对称轻小型头盔显示器光学系统设计 -

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非对称轻小型头盔显示器光学系统设计

doi:10.37188/CO.2019-0193

黄颂超^1,,
冯云鹏^{1, 2,,},
程灏波^{1, 2}

1.
北京理工大学光电学院，北京 100081
2.
北京理工大学深圳研究院，深圳 518057

基金项目:深圳市科技创新项目(No. JCYJ20170817115037194，No. JCYJ20180307123816647)

详细信息

作者简介:
黄颂超(1994—)，男，福建泉州人，硕士，助理工程师，主要从事成像光学设计方面的研究。E-mail：478886527@qq.com
冯云鹏（1981—），男，河北邯郸人，博士，讲师，2011年于北京理工大学获得博士学位，主要从事新型光学系统先进光学制造与检测方面的研究。E-mail：roc@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号:TN141；O439
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- 被引次数:0
出版历程
- 收稿日期:2019-09-25
- 修回日期:2019-11-20
- 刊出日期:2020-08-01

Non-symmetrical design of a compact, lightweight HMD optical system

1.
School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
2.
Shenzhen Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518057, China

Funds:Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Project (No. JCYJ20170817115037194, No. JCYJ20180307123816647)

More Information

Corresponding author:roc@bit.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:针对非对称光学系统视场范围和出瞳直径较窄、光学结构复杂、制造成本昂贵、装配调整麻烦等问题，本文采用在系统中加入自由曲面反射镜的设计方法。首先，论述了双反射镜非对称光学系统的设计要求和工作原理。然后，分析了三反射镜非对称光学系统的离轴结构控制方法。最后，采用XY多项式自由曲面反射镜折叠光路、消除遮拦、扩大视场、校正离轴像差，设计出一款适用于头盔显示器的非对称光学系统。设计的双反射镜非对称光学系统的视场为60°×30°，出瞳直径为8 mm。在截止频率52 lp/mm处，全视场的调制传递函数值大于0.25，系统畸变小于5%，单目系统重量约为190 g。设计结果表明，该非对称光学系统的视场大小和成像质量均有所提升，实现了小型轻量化，可应用于头盔显示器。
- 光学设计/
- 非对称/
- 头盔显示器/
- 轻量化设计/
- 自由曲面
Abstract:In non-symmetric optical systems, the field of view is narrow, the diameter of their exit pupil is narrow, their optical structure is complicated, their cost of manufacturing is high, and assembly adjustment is troublesome. To address these problems, free-form mirror is applied in the system. The design requirements and working principle of the dual mirror non-symmetrical optical system are firstly discussed. Then, the off-axis structure control method of the three-mirror non-symmetric optical system is analyzed. Finally, the XY polynomial free-form mirror is used to fold the optical path, eliminating the obstruction, enlarging the field of view, correcting the off-axis aberration, and a non-symmetrical optical system is designed suitable for Helmet-Mounted Display(HMD). The designed dual mirror non-symmetrical optical system has a field of view of 60° × 30° and a pupil diameter of 8 mm. At a cutoff frequency of 52 lp/mm, the full field of view Modulation Transfer Function(MTF) value is greater than 0.25 and system distortion is less than 5%. This monocular system’s weight is about 190 g. The design results show that the non-symmetrical optical system has an improved field of view and image quality, it is compact and lightweight, and can be applied to a HMD.
- optical design/
- non-symmetrical/
- helmet-mounted display/
- lightweight design/
- free-form surface

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图 1离轴双反射式非对称光学系统单目一般结构示意图

Figure 1.Schematic diagram of monocular general structure of off-axis dual reflection non-symmetric optical system

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图 2三反射镜非对称光学系统的结构控制示意图

Figure 2.Schematic diagram of structure control of non-symmetrical optical system with three mirrors

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图 3双反射镜非对称光学系统的自由曲面参数设置

Figure 3.Free-form surface parameter setting of the dual mirror non-symmetric optical system

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图 4双反射镜非对称光学系统的后继透镜组参数设置

Figure 4.Parameter setting of the subsequent lens group of the dual mirror non-symmetric optical system

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图 5双反射镜非对称光学系统的光路示意图

Figure 5.Schematic diagram of optical path of dual mirror non-symmetric optical system

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图 6双反射镜非对称光学系统的MTF曲线图

Figure 6.MTF graphs of dual mirror non-symmetric optical system

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图 7双反射镜非对称光学系统的畸变图

Figure 7.Distortion diagram of dual mirror non-symmetric optical system

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图 8双反射镜非对称光学系统的点列图

Figure 8.Spot diagram of a double mirror non-symmetric optical system

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表 1三反射镜非对称光学系统的结构控制宏语言与注解

Table 1.Control macro language and annotation of non-symmetric optical system structure with three mirror

ZPL	annotation
!threemirror.zpl	ZPLXX.zpl
!
nfield=NFLD ()	Number of fields
maxfield=MAXF ()	Maximum half angle of view
IF(Maxfield==0.0) THEN Maxfield=1.0;	Avoid errors that divide by zero
! 面的个数
n==pvhx ()	Take the value ofH_xton
! field
i=pvhy ()	Take the value ofH_ytoi
! 子午或弧矢
j=pvpy ()	Take the value ofP_ytoj
h_x=FLDX(i)/maxfield	H_x= field of view (xdirection) / maximum field of view
h_y=FLDY(i)/Maxfield	H_y= field of view (ydirection) / maximum field of view
PRINT “Field number”,i
RAYTRACEh_x,h_y, 0,j, PWAV ()	Ray tracing
PRINT “X-field angle:”, FLDX(i), “Y-field angle:”, FLDY(i)
PRINT “X-chief ray:”, RAGX(n), “Y-chief ray:”, RAGY(n), “Z-chief ray:”, RAGZ(n)	Spherical coordinate position at the ray cutoff
PRINT
OPTRETURN 0, RAGY(n)
OPTRETURN 1, RAGZ(n)	Return value
PRINT “All Done!”

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表 2三反射镜非对称光学系统的部分ZPL调用方式

Table 2.Partial ZPL calling method of three mirror asymmetric optical system

	Oper#	Op₁	Op₂	H_x	H_y	P_x	P_y	Target	Weight
1	BLNK	1 field of view meridian upper edge of the intersection of light and face 1
2	ZPLM	11	0	1	1	0	1	0	0
3	ZPLM	11	1
4	BLNK	1 field of view meridian upper edge of the intersection of light and face 2
5	ZPLM	12	0	3	1	0	1	0	0
6	ZPLM	12	1
7	BLNK	1 field of view meridian edge light and face 3 intersection
8	ZPLM	12	0	6	1	0	−1	0	0
9	ZPLM	12	1
10	BLNK	Solving straight line
11	DIFF	6	3
12	DIFF	5	2
13	BLNK	Solving slopek₀
14	DIVI	12	11
15	BLNK	The distance between the line and the light on the meridian of the field of view
16	PROD	14	9
17	PROD	14	3
18	DIFF	16	17
19	SUMM	2	18
20	DIFF	8	19
21	OPLT	20						250	0.1
22	OPGT	20						25	0.1

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表 3eMagin公司的AMOLED规格参数

Table 3.Specifications of AMOLED produced by eMagin

Item	Parameter
Pixel size/μm	9.6×9.6
Resolution ratio	1 920×1 200
Visible area/mm	18.7×11.75 (0.856 inch)
The white light brightness/(cd·m⁻²)	>150
Contrast	>1000:1
Refresh rate/Hz	30~85
Power consumption	<350 mW(150 cd/m²)
Weight/g	<3

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