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摘要: 多普勒雷达实际测得的振动信号绝大多数都是时变信号，而基于傅立叶变换的时频分析方法是处理时变信号的有利工具。本文针对 多普勒雷达测得的实际振动信号，比较了魏格纳-维利分布、平滑伪魏格纳-维利分布、频谱图、波恩-约旦分布和扩展修正B分布5种形式的时频分析性能。利用 多普勒雷达测量实际单音响产生的啁啾信号振动、双音响产生的二分量啁啾信号振动、以及成年男性心跳振动3种振动，分析了时频图的分辨率和交叉项抑制情况，并通过计算时频聚集度指数，比较了5种分布情况下振动的分析性能。实验证明，扩展修正B分布的性能优于其他4种时频分布，扩展修正B分布更适合应用于 多普勒雷达材料共振频率探测和心跳检测领域。Abstract:Most actual vibration signals measured by lidar are time-varying signals. Methods of time-frequency analysis based on Fourier transforms are effective tools for processing time-varying signals. In this paper, the properties of the Wigner-Wiley distribution, the smooth pseudo-Wigner-Wiley distribution, the spectrogram, the Bonn-Jordan distribution, and the extended modified B distribution are compared and analyzed with actual vibration signals measured by laser Doppler radar. Three kinds of vibrations are measured with a laser Doppler radar: chirps generated by a single loudspeaker, two-component chirps generated by two loudspeakers, and adult male heartbeat vibrations. Their time-frequency distribution resolution and the suppression of cross-terms are analyzed. By calculating the time-frequency concentration index, the analysis capacites of the five distributions for three vibrations are compared. Experimental results indicate that the performance of the extended modified B distribution is better than that of the other four time-frequency distributions. Therefore, the extended modified B distribution is more suitable for the detection of material resonance frequency of laser Doppler radar and the detection of heartbeat.
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图 3双声光调制相干 多普勒雷达原理图
Figure 3.Block diagram of coherent laser Doppler radar with double acoustic optic modulation
图 4双声光调制相干 多普勒雷达实验装置图
Figure 4.Experimental device of coherent laser Doppler radar with double acoustic optic modulation
图 5单分量啁啾信号的振动时域图及其时频分布
Figure 5.Time domain and time frequency distribution of single component chirps
图 6二分量啁啾信号振动时域图及其时频分布
Figure 6.Time domain and time frequency distribution of two component chirps vibration
表 1单分量啁啾信号的振动时频聚集度评价
Table 1.Evaluation of time frequency concentration of single component chirps vibration
时频分布 WVD SPWVD SPEC BJD EMBD 评价指数 1.89×10−4 5.05×10−5 2.88×10−5 1.97×10−4 2.12×10−4 
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表 2二分量啁啾信号振动时频聚集度评价
Table 2.Evaluation of time frequency concentration of two component chirp vibration
时频分布 WVD SPWVD SPEC BJD EMBD 评价指数 8.88×10−5 7.12×10−5 1.04×10−5 9.16×10−5 1.08×10−4 下载:
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表 3成年男性心跳振动时频聚集度评价
Table 3.Evaluation of time frequency concentration of adult male heatbeat vibration
时频分布 WVD SPWVD SPEC BJD EMBD 评价指数 2.67×10−4 3.07×10−4 4.00×10−4 4.94×10−4 5.56×10−4 下载:
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