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摘要:为了减少短波蓝光对人眼的伤害，同时确保蓝光对人体节律的有益调节，精确控制400~500 nm的透射斜率在蓝光防护中尤为重要。本文提出非线性玻尔兹曼函数拟合长波通薄膜的方法，分别通过非线性及线性光谱目标值优化得到膜系结构(Z1)和(Z2)。通过对比(Z1)和(Z2)薄膜的光谱和导纳图，分析可知经非线性目标值优化后的薄膜具有可控的斜率和更好的通带光谱性能。采用电子束蒸发离子束辅助沉积方法制备了14层蓝光防护薄膜，其光谱性能满足新国标GB/T38120—2019的技术要求。结果表明，所制备的单面光学多层薄膜在紫外385~415 nm的平均透过率小于3.2%，高能蓝光415~445 nm的平均透过率小于30.88%，有益蓝光445~475 nm的透过率大于81.9%，在剩余可见光波段的透过率大于95.5%。该方法为蓝光防护提供了一个新的解决方案，对于视觉防护、移动终端、眼镜、电脑桌面、移动数字屏幕等有潜在应用价值。Abstract:To reduce the damage to human eyes and ensure the beneficial regulation of the human rhythm by short-wave blue light, accurate control of the transmission slope of the 400~500 nm wavelength is particularly important in blue light protection. In this paper, a nonlinear Boltzmann function fitting method for long wave-pass thin films is proposed, and thin films (Z1) and (Z2) are obtained by optimizing the nonlinear and linear target, respectively. Admittance and transmittance diagrams of thin films (Z1) and (Z2) are shown that the thin film optimized by a nonlinear target has a controllable slope and better passband spectral performance. The blue-blocking thin film of 14 layers is fabricated using electron-beam evaporation assisted by an ion beam, which met the technical requirements of the new GB/T38120—2019 national standard. The results present that the average transmittance of the single-side thin film is less than 3.2% at 385~415 nm, less than 30.88% at 415~445 nm, more than 81.9% at 445~475 nm, and more than 95.5% at 500~800 nm. These promising results indicate that this design method provide a new solution for vision protection applications such as eyeglasses, computer desktop and mobile digital screens.
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图 1非线性目标值的光学薄膜设计流程图
Figure 1.Flowchart of optical thin film design based on a nonlinear target
图 2蓝光阻隔参数τs,b与昼夜节律影响参数τc计算结果
Figure 2.Calculation results of blue hazard factorsτs,band circadian rhythm factorsτc
图 3基于非线型（（a），（b），（e））及线型（（c），（d），（f））目标值设计蓝光防护薄膜的仿真透过率和导纳轨迹曲线
Figure 3.Theoretical design of transmittance curve of blue light protective film based on nonlinear ((a), (b), (e)) and linear ((c), (d), (f)) targets
图 4蓝光防护薄膜的400~800 nm透射曲线
Figure 4.Transmission of the blue light protective thin film at 400~800 nm
表 1GB/T38120—2019蓝光防护膜的光透射比要求
Table 1.Light transmittance requirement of blue-blocking protective thin films according to GB/T38120—2019
光谱范围λ/nm 光透射比要求 385≤λ<415 <75% 315≤λ<445 ≤80% 445≤λ<475 >80% 475≤λ<505 >80% 
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表 2玻尔兹曼目标值参数取值
Table 2.Values of Boltzmann target parameter
拟合函数 Boltzmann $y = {a_2} + \dfrac{ { {a_1} - {a_2} } }{ {1 + {e^{({{x} } - { {{x} }_0})/{{{\rm{d}}x} } } } } }$ 参数 A1 B1 C1 D1 A2 B2 C2 D2 A1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A2 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 X0 460 440 420 400 460 440 420 400 dx 10 10 10 10 30 30 30 30 下载:
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表 3TiO2和SiO2单层膜的光学常数
Table 3.Optical constants of the TiO2and SiO2thin films
光学常数 波长（nm） TiO2 SiO2 n k n k 400 2.6 0.0001 1.48 0 450 2.51 0 1.47 0 500 2.44 0 1.47 0 550 2.39 0 1.467 0 600 2.37 0 1.46 0 650 2.34 0 1.46 0 下载:
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