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摘要: 近1 μm波段的可调谐光纤光源在光纤传感、 冷却、光化学、光谱学以及医疗等领域具有广泛应用,近年来成为光纤光源领域的一个研究热点。本文首先系统回顾了能够实现波长调谐的4类光纤光源的发展历程,然后分析了它们存在的问题及可能的解决思路,最后对近1 μm波段可调谐光纤光源进行了总结和展望。Abstract: Tunable fiber light sources with wavelength near 1 μm are widely used in optical fiber sensing, laser cooling, photochemical, spectroscopy and medical fields. They have thus become an area of focus in fiber light source research in recent years. The development history of fiber light sources with wavelength tuning ability is firstly summarized systematically. Then, their problems and possible solutions are analyzed. Finally, the future developments of tunable fiber light sources near 1 μm are prospected.
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表 1 可调谐掺镱光纤 器的研究进展
Table 1. Research progress of tunable ytterbium-doped fiber lasers
年份 研究单位 系统结构 调谐范围/nm 最大功率 线宽 2001 法国鲁昂大学 基于TBPF的全光纤结构环形腔 1040~1100 800 mW ~0.1 nm 2002 德国汉诺威 中心 基于HDG的空间结构环形腔 1032~1124 10 W <2.5 GHz 2004 南开大学 基于可调FBG的线形腔 1046.6~1062.2 117 mW <0.1 nm 2005 中国科学技术大学 DBR 器 1036.1~1056.5 4 mW <8 MHz 2005 墨西哥光学研究中心 基于多模干涉效应的线形腔 1088~1097 500 mW 0.5 nm 2007 德国汉诺威 中心 基于Littman-Littrow结构的环形腔 1017~1043 31 mW 5 MHz 2007 南开大学 基于闪耀光栅的线形腔 1042.1~1093 2.21 W <0.08 nm 2007 瑞典皇家理工学院 基于体布拉格光栅的线形腔 1022~1055 4.3 W 5 GHz 2007 德国汉诺威 中心 线形腔、MOPA结构 1040~1085 133 W —— 2008 厦门大学 基于Littman-Littrow结构的线形腔 1046~1121 >20 W 0.5 nm 2011 清华大学 被动多环形腔结构 1020~1080 100 mW 单纵模 2011 英国布里斯托大学 基于AOTF的空间结构环形腔 1035~1105 10 W —— 2013 法国波尔多大学 基于AOTF的空间结构环形腔 976~1120 41 W 0.1~1 nm 2013 瑞典皇家理工学院 基于布拉格光栅的线形腔 1064~1073 >100 W 13 GHz 2014 中科院上光所 基于TBPF的全光纤环形腔 1010~1090 39.9 W —— 2016 美国IPG公司 MOPA结构 1030~1070 >1.5 kW —— 2017 国防科技大学 MOPA结构 1065~1090 >1 kW 0.12 nm 2019 西北大学 复合腔结构 1030~1090 18.5 mW 8.7 kHz 2019 印度科学研究所 环形腔、MOPA结构 1050~1100 130 W 0.4~1 nm 2020 清华大学 环形腔、MOPA结构、同带泵浦 1060~1090 >1 kW 0.1 nm 表 2 可调谐拉曼光纤 器的研究进展
Table 2. Research progress of tunable Raman fiber lasers
年份 研究单位 系统结构 调谐范围/nm 最大功率 1977 美国贝尔实验室 基于衍射光栅的TRFL 一阶1085~1130
二阶1150~1175—— 2005 德国汉堡-哈尔堡工业大学 Sagnac-loop结构的全光纤级联TRFL 1110~1230 700 mW 2007 俄罗斯科学院 基于可调谐泵浦源、可调谐FBG的TRFL 1250~1300 3.2 W 2008 加拿大拉瓦尔大学 基于可调谐FBG的TRFL 1075~1135 5 W 2010 法国里尔大学 基于可调谐泵浦源的TRFL 1240~1289 2.5 W 2012 德国弗劳恩霍夫应用光学与精密研究所 MOPA结构的TRFL 1118~1130 208 W 2018 国防科技大学 基于可调谐泵浦源的TRFL 1112~1139.6 125.3 W 表 3 可调谐随机光纤 器的研究进展
Table 3. Research progress of tunable random fiber lasers
年份 研究单位 系统结构 调谐范围/nm 最大功率 2015 国防科技大学 基于手动调节的TBPF的可调谐RFL 1040~1090 —— 2016 上海光学精密机械研究所 基于可调谐泵浦源与高阶拉曼激射的可调谐RFL 1070~1370 1.8 W 2017 上海光学精密机械研究所 基于可调谐泵浦源与高阶拉曼激射的可调谐RFL 1000~1940 —— 2018 国防科技大学 基于TBPF的可调谐RFL 1095~1115 23 W 2018 国防科技大学 基于可调谐泵浦源与半开腔结构的可调谐RFL 1113.76~1137.44 >100 W 2019 印度科学研究所 基于可变截止短通滤波反馈结构的可调谐RFL 1118~1575 33 W 表 4 可调谐超荧光光纤光源的研究进展
Table 4. Research progress of tunable superfluorescent fiber sources
年份 研究单位 系统结构 调谐范围/nm 最大功率 2009 英国南安普顿大学 基于衍射光栅的空间结构可调谐SFS 1034~1084 135 mW 2018 西安光学精密机械研究所 基于TBPF的可调谐SFS 1045~1080 30 W 2020 西安光学精密机械研究所 基于衍射光栅的空间结构可调谐SFS 1052.4~1072.8 >230 W 2020 西安光学精密机械研究所 基于衍射光栅的空间结构可调谐SFS 1035~1055 >300 W 2020 西安光学精密机械研究所 基于TBPF的可调谐SFS 1045~1085 ~1000 W -
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