A vanadium dioxide-assisted switchable multifunctional metamaterial structure
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摘要:
本文提出了一种基于二氧化钒（VO2）相变特性的开口谐振环结构多功能超材料器件。该器件由VO2填充的开口谐振环和中心放置十字的顶层、聚酰亚胺（PI）介质层和金属基底构成。VO2在绝缘态时，可以实现交叉极化转换功能，在0.48~0.87 THz范围内，偏振转换率大于90%。当VO2为金属态时，该器件能够实现双频吸收和高灵敏度传感功能。在1.64 THz和2.15 THz频率处的吸收率大于88%。通过改变样品材料的折射率，两个频率点处的传感灵敏度分别约为25.6 GHz/RIU和159 GHz/RIU，品质因子Q分别为71.34和23.12。所提出的超材料多功能器件具有结构简单、可切换功能和高效率极化转换等特性，在未来太赫兹通信、成像等领域都有潜在的应用价值。
Abstract:In this paper, a multifunctional metamaterial device based on the phase transition properties of vanadium dioxide (VO2) is proposed. The metamaterial structure consists of a top layer combined with VO2-filled Split Ring Resonator (SRR) and a metal cross, a polyimide (PI) dielectric layer, and a metal substrate. When the VO2is in the insulating state, the cross-polarization conversion function can be realized, and its Polarization Conversion Rate (PCR) is greater than 90% in the range of 0.48-0.87 THz. When the VO2is in the metallic state, the device can realize dual-frequency absorption and be applied in high-sensitivity sensing functions. The absorption rates are higher than 88% at the frequencies of 1.64 THz and 2.15 THz. By changing the refractive index of the sample material, the sensing sensitivities at the two related frequencies are about 25.6 GHz/RIU and 159 GHz/RIU, and the Q-factors are 71.34 and 23.12, respectively. The proposed metamaterial multifunctional device exhibits the advantages of a simple structure, a switchable function, and high-efficiency polarization conversion, and provides potential application value in future terahertz communication, imaging and other fields.
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图 1所提出的多功能超材料器件的结构示意图。（a）三维视图；（b）俯视图；（c）侧视图
Figure 1.Structrual diagram of the proposed multifunctional metamaterial device. (a) 3D schematic; (b) top view; (c) side view
图 2仿真得到的（a）反射系数和（b）不同偏振入射的PCR
Figure 2.(a) Reflection coefficients and (b) PCR for different polarized incident terahertz wave through simulation
图 3当VO2处于绝缘态时，结构参数（a）中心十字长边长b；（b）介质厚度Z3以及（c）开口谐振环外半径R1对偏振转换率的影响
Figure 3.Effects of structural parameters (a)b; (b)Z3and (c)R1on the PCR when the VO2is in the insulating state
图 4VO2处于金属态时，所设计的超材料结构的吸收特性。（a）反射系数和吸收特性；（b）相对阻抗的实部和虚部
Figure 4.Absorption properties of the designed structure when VO2is in the metallic state. (a) Reflection coefficient and absorption properties; (b) real and imaginary parts of relative impedance
图 5吸收器单元结构参数（a）中心十字长边长b；（b）介质层厚度Z3；（c）开口谐振环半径R1对太赫兹吸收率的影响
Figure 5.Effects of structural parameters (a)b; (b)Z3and (c)R1on the absorption characteristics
图 6顶层微结构在谐振频率（a）1.64 THz和（b）2.15 THz处的电场分布
Figure 6.Electric field distributions of the top microstructure at resonant frequencies of (a) 1.64 THz and (b) 2.15 THz
图 7不同入射角的超材料结构吸收特性。（a）TE偏振入射；（b）TM偏振入射
Figure 7.Absorption properties of metamaterial structure at different incident angles. (a) TE polarized incidence; (b) TM polarized incidence
图 8吸收器用作传感器时的性能分析。（a）吸收特性随待测样品折射率的变化情况；（b）1.64 THz频率处的传感特性；（c）2.15 THz频率处的传感特性
Figure 8.Performance analysis of the absorber when it is used as a sensor. (a) The variation of absorption with the refractive index of the sample; (b) the sensing characteristics at the frequency of 1.64 THz; (c) the sensing characteristics at the frequency of 2.15 THz
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