基于高光谱成像技术的涌泉蜜桔糖度最优检测位置研究

李斌; 万霞; 刘爱伦; 邹吉平; 卢英俊; 姚迟; 刘燕德

doi:10.37188/CO.2023-0057

基于高光谱成像技术的涌泉蜜桔糖度最优检测位置研究

doi: 10.37188/CO.2023-0057

华东交通大学智能机电装备创新研究院水果智能光电检测技术与设备国家与地方联合工程研究中心, 南昌330013

基金项目: 青年科学基金项目（No.12103019）

详细信息

作者简介:
李　斌（1989－），男，江西鹰潭人，博士，副教授，华东交通大学机电学院教师，2012年于武汉大学获得学士学位，2017年于中国科学院光电技术研究所获得博士学位，主要研究方向：无损智能检测。E-mail：libingioe@126.com

刘燕德（1967—），女，江西吉安人，博士，二级教授，智能机电装备创新研究院院长，2001 年于江西农业大学获得硕士学位，2006 年于浙江大学获得博士学位，主要研究方向：光电无损检测技术、光机电一体化技术与装备。E-mail：liuyande@ecjtu.jx.cn

中图分类号: O433.4
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出版历程
- 网络出版日期: 2023-07-13

Study on the optimal detection position of brix value of Yongquan honey tangerines based on hyperspectral imaging technology

School of Mechatronics & Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Fruit Intelligent Photoelectric Detection Technology and Equipment, Nanchang 330013, China

Funds: Supported by Youth Science Fund Projects (No.12103019)

More Information

Corresponding author: liuyande@ecjtu.jx.cn

摘要

摘要:
本文旨在探索涌泉蜜桔糖度的最优检测位置和最佳预测模型，以便为蜜桔糖度检测分级提供理论依据。本文利用波长范围为390.2～981.3 nm的高光谱成像系统对涌泉蜜桔糖度最佳检测位置进行研究，将涌泉蜜桔的花萼、果茎、赤道和全局的光谱信息分别与其对应部位的糖度结合建立其预测模型。使用标准正态变量变换（SNV）、多元散射校正（MSC）、基线校准（Baseline）和卷积平滑（SG）四种预处理方法对不同部位的原始光谱进行预处理，用预处理后的光谱数据建立偏最小二乘回归（PLSR）和最小二乘支持向量机（LSSVM）模型。找出蜜桔不同部位的最佳预处理方式，对经过最佳预处理后光谱数据采用竞争性自适应重加权算法（CARS）和无信息变量消除法（UVE）进行特征波长筛选。最后，用筛选后的光谱数据建立PLSR和LSSVM模型并进行分析比较。研究结果表明，全局的MSC-CARS-LSSVM模型预测效果最佳，其预测集相关系数Rp=0.955，均方根误差RMSEP=0.395，其次是蜜桔赤道部位的SNV-PLSR模型，其预测集相关系数Rp=0.936，均方根误差RMSEP=0.37。两者预测集相关系数相近，因此可将赤道位置作为蜜桔糖度的最优检测位置。本研究表明蜜桔不同部位建立的糖度预测模型预测效果有所差异，最优检测位置和最佳预测模型可以为蜜桔进行糖度检测分级时提供理论依据。
- 涌泉蜜桔 /
- 高光谱 /
- 糖度 /
- 偏最小二乘回归 /
- 最小二乘支持向量机
Abstract:
The objective of this study is to explore the optimal detection location and the best prediction model of the brix value of Yongquan honey tangerines, which can provide a theoretical basis for the brix measurement and classification of honey tangerines. With the wavelength range of 390.2−981.3 nm hyperspectral imaging system was used to study the best location for detecting the brix of Yongquan honey tangerines, and the spectral information of the calyx, fruit stem, equator and global of Yongquan honey tangerines were combined with their brix values of corresponding parts to establish its prediction model. The original spectra from the different locations were pre-processed by standard normal variance transformation (SNV), multiple scattering correction (MSC), baseline calibration (Baseline) and convolutional smoothing (SG), respectively, and the partial least squares regression (PLSR) and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) models were established based on the pre-processed spectral data. The best pre-processing methods for different parts of the honey tangerine were found, and the spectral data obtained from these pre-processing methods were analyzed using the competitive adaptive re-weighting algorithm (CARS) and uninformative variable elimination (UVE) to identify characteristic wavelengths. Finally, the PLSR and LSSVM models were established and compared based on the selected spectral data. The results show that the global MSC-CARS-LSSVM model demonstrates the most accurate prediction performance, with a correlation coefficient of Rp=0.955 and an RMSEP value of 0.395. Alternatively, the SNV-PLSR model of the equatorial location of honey tangerines was found to be the next more effective, with a correlation coefficient of Rp=0.936, and an RMSEP value of 0.37. The correlation coefficients of the two prediction models are similar, the equatorial location can be used as the optimal location for measuring the brix of honey tangerines. This study demonstrates that the use of varying segments of the orange impacts the accuracy of prediction models. Identifying the optimal location and prediction model can provide a theoretical basis for classifying oranges for brix testing.
- Yongquan honey orange /
- hyperspectral /
- brix /
- partial least-squares regression /
- least-squares support vector machine

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图 1 涌泉蜜桔不同部位图像

Figure 1. Images of different parts of Yongquan honey tangerine

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图 2 高光谱成像装置示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the hyperspectral imaging device

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图 3 涌泉蜜桔光谱曲线：（a）不同部位的原始光谱曲线；（b）不同部位的平均光谱曲线

Figure 3. Spectral curves of Yongquan honey tangerine: (a) original spectral curves of different parts; (b) average spectral curves of different parts

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图 4 CARS选择果茎部位特征波长过程：（a）变量数变化；（b）交叉验证均方根变化；（c）回归系数变化

Figure 4. Process of selecting CARS the characteristic wavelength of the fruit stem part：(a) Changes in number of variables, (b) Changes in the RMSECV, (c) Changes in regression coefficient

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图 5 基于CARS算法果茎部位特征波长位置图:（a）Baseline；（b）MSC

Figure 5. Location map of the characteristic wavelengths in the fruit stem partbased on the CARS algorithm: (a) Baseline; (b) MSC

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图 6 基于CARS算法特征波长位置图:（a）花萼、（b）赤道、（c）全局

Figure 6. Location map of the characteristic wavelengths based on CARS algorithm: (a) calyx, (b) equator, (c) global

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图 7 UVE筛选后果茎部位的稳定性值图

Figure 7. Schematic diagram of stability value of the fruit stem part after UVE screening

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图 8 基于UVE算法果茎部位特征波长位置图：（a）Baseline；（b）MSC

Figure 8. Location map of characteristic wavelengths in the fruit stem part based on the UVE algorithm: (a) Baseline; (b) MSC

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图 9 基于UVE算法特征波长位置图:（a）花萼、（b）赤道、（c）全局

Figure 9. Location map of the characteristic wavelengths of the UVE-based algorithm: (a) calyx, (b) equator and (c) global

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图 10 涌泉蜜桔糖度含量预测模型MSC-CARS-PLSR和MSC-CARS-LSSVM的散点图

Figure 10. Scatter plots of the Yongquan honey tangerine brix content prediction models MSC-CARS-PLSR and MSC-CARS-LSSVM

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表 1 涌泉蜜桔不同部位的糖度统计分析

Table 1. Statistical analysis of the brix values of different parts of Yongquan honey tangerine

蜜桔部位	样本数	最大值 /^OBrix	最小值 /^OBrix	平均值 /^OBrix	标准差 /^OBrix
花萼	120	19.8	10.8	15.2	1.39
果茎	120	17.9	10.1	14.2	1.52
赤道	120	18.2	11.3	14.5	1.37
全局	120	17.8	11.2	14.6	1.34

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 基于不同预处理的涌泉蜜桔糖度PLSR模型比较

Table 2. Comparison of PLSR models for the brix values of Yongquan honey tangerine based on different pretreatments

预测模型	预处理方法	建模集		预测集
预测模型	预处理方法	R_C	RMSEC/^OBrix	R_P	RMSEP/^OBrix
花萼模型	Raw	0.946	0.384	0.893	0.457
	SNV	0.847	0.58	0.806	0.688
	MSC	0.832	0.622	0.766	0.564
	Baseline	0.921	0.409	0.890	0.518
	SG	0.932	0.427	0.898	0.436
果茎模型	Raw	0.949	0.428	0.859	0.587
	SNV	0.902	0.593	0.882	0.669
	MSC	0.889	0.599	0.864	0.587
	Baseline	0.931	0.498	0.913	0.468
	SG	0.943	0.455	0.868	0.569
赤道模型	Raw	0.932	0.471	0.861	0.553
	SNV	0.946	0.408	0.936	0.370
	MSC	0.960	0.365	0.878	0.458
	Baseline	0.964	0.349	0.933	0.384
	SG	0.924	0.497	0.861	0.555
全局模型	Raw	0.971	0.305	0.920	0.388
	SNV	0.945	0.403	0.901	0.435
	MSC	0.953	0.374	0.934	0.435
	Baseline	0.926	0.469	0.855	0.495
	SG	0.927	0.476	0.923	0.384

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表 3 基于不同预处理的涌泉蜜桔糖度LSSVM模型比较

Table 3. Comparison of LSSVM models for the brix values of Yongquan honey orange based on different pretreatments

预测模型	预处理方法	建模集		预测集
预测模型	预处理方法	R_C	RMSEC/^OBrix	R_P	RMSEP/^OBrix
花萼模型	Raw	0.921	0.470	0.860	0.513
	SNV	0.938	0.383	0.789	0.700
	MSC	0.959	0.323	0.788	0.539
	Baseline	0.942	0.360	0.869	0.585
	SG	0.923	0.459	0.876	0.477
果茎模型	Raw	0.979	0.286	0.782	0.750
	SNV	0.908	0.594	0.834	0.710
	MSC	0.955	0.404	0.884	0.596
	Baseline	0.924	0.527	0.642	0.854
	SG	0.953	0.419	0.827	0.650
赤道模型	Raw	0.965	0.355	0.829	0.594
	SNV	0.954	0.388	0.906	0.405
	MSC	0.973	0.315	0.827	0.530
	Baseline	0.979	0.281	0.867	0.544
	SG	0.956	0.388	0.845	0.575
全局模型	Raw	0.962	0.355	0.892	0.443
	SNV	0.972	0.296	0.897	0.456
	MSC	0.980	0.253	0.946	0.400
	Baseline	0.973	0.293	0.811	0.590
	SG	0.961	0.356	0.909	0.414

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表 4 基于CARS特征波长筛选后蜜桔不同部位的PLSR和LSSVM模型比较

Table 4. Comparison of PLSR and LSSVM models for different parts of honey tangerines after CARS characteristic wavelengths screening

预测模型	不同部位	建模集		预测集
预测模型	不同部位	R_C	RMSEC/^OBrix	R_P	RMSEP/^OBrix
PLSR	花萼	0.926	0.447	0.918	0.400
	果茎	0.928	0.507	0.922	0.424
	赤道	0.933	0.452	0.914	0.400
	全局	0.948	0.394	0.942	0.399
LSSVM	花萼	0.927	0.445	0.914	0.408
	果茎	0.951	0.412	0.904	0.546
	赤道	0.960	0.352	0.901	0.423
	全局	0.975	0.274	0.955	0.395

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表 5 基于UVE特征波长筛选后蜜桔不同部位的PLSR和LSSVM模型比较

Table 5. Comparison of PLSR and LSSVM models for different parts of honey tangerines after UVE characteristic wavelengths screening

预测模型	不同部位	建模集		预测集
预测模型	不同部位	R_C	RMSEC/^OBrix	R_P	RMSEP/^OBrix
PLSR	花萼	0.890	0.538	0.850	0.519
	果茎	0.885	0.633	0.812	0.655
	赤道	0.943	0.419	0.933	0.364
	全局	0.949	0.393	0.937	0.434
LSSVM	花萼	0.901	0.514	0.838	0.537
	果茎	0.950	0.416	0.896	0.575
	赤道	0.950	0.400	0.900	0.423
	全局	0.956	0.368	0.943	0.414

下载: 导出CSV

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